Russia and the "New Abroad": Structure and Dynamics of Migration Flows (1991-2015)

Abstract

The article discusses the migration between Russia and the countries of "new abroad" that arose after the collapse of the USSR in the result of independence the former Soviet republics. On an extensive statistical material shows the temporal dynamics, volume and structure of migration flows in the post-Soviet space. Investigated the ratio of emigration and immigration, as well as the value of net migration for the demographic situation in Russia and other CIS countries for 1991-2015. The structure of the migration growth of the population of the Russian Federation on the countries and formed their geographical and cultural regions, and their contribution to the formation of migration flows. The results of the study concluded that immigration from the former Soviet republics has allowed Russia to largely offset the natural decline of the indigenous population in the 1990s - first half of the 2000s, and led to the change of the ethnic structure of the new independent states in favor of the titular nationalities. The rate of emigration of the European population was much higher in the Asian and Muslim in composition, the titular population of the CIS countries, which provided Russia for most of the migration gain. In recent years there has also been significant growth of immigration into Russia from the Ukraine where a military-political and socio-economic crisis.