Spelling of complex nouns with components bio-, eco-, organic-

Abstract

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problem of spelling of complex nouns with components bio-, eco-, organic-. It is noted that words with these related roots of foreign language origin, united by synonymous semes ‘natural’, ‘safety’, ‘utility’, are widely used in modern speech. The authors consider the spelling norm in relation to words with these components and the reflection of the norm in real writing practice. The complexity and inconsistency of the spelling rule for spelling complex words leads to the appearance of variants of their spelling and the inconsistency of the usus with the norm. The bio- root, the most mastered, recorded in reference books and spelling dictionaries that require it to be written together with a subsequent part, is presented in the usus not only in continuous, but also in hyphenated and separate design. The same variability is observed for the eco- component. The article concludes that these elements significantly expand their compatibility with different bases and receive special semantic emphasis in the text, including with the help of hyphenated and separate spelling. For the organic- component there is no single spelling rule: the foreign language origin of this related component and the consonant base do not solve the issue of a single spelling of words that are considered dictionary. It is noted that the separate design and postposition in relation to the second element of the combination gives this component the status of an application - an unchangeable adjective - in line with the trend towards analyticism in the grammatical system of the modern Russian language.