Semen composition and structure of the LSG "Musical instruments" in Russian language

Abstract

The article analyzes the semen composition of the lexical-semantic group "Musical instruments", differential semes are combined into classification features. The analysis showed that the archisemе of LSG is the component ‘musical instrument’. Differential semes are combined into the following classification features: sound source, material, place, time, circumstances of appearance, scope of application, function, appearance (structure), сonnection with other instruments. A large number of identified classification features and the differential semes included in them indicate the diversity of the semen structure of LSG. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that there are no mandatory criteria for describing musical instruments, despite the prominent classification features having the largest composition of semes. The structure of LSG is analyzed in detail. The core consists of high-frequency non-homonymous words such as гитара and рояль. In the center there are 9 unambiguous lexemes with an average frequency and polysemous words, where the meaning of "musical instrument" is the main one. The near (7 units) and far (26 units) peripherals include less frequent lexemes, both unambiguous and multivalued. The extreme periphery is represented by unambiguous lexemes with zero frequency, multi-valued lexemes with zero frequency, in which the value of "musical instrument" is nuclear, multi-valued lexemes with low frequency, in which the value of "musical instrument" is peripheral, multi-valued homonymous lexeme орган, in which the value of "musical instrument" is nuclear (20 lexemes).