The role of paremia in literary texts of different historical periods

Abstract

The object of the study was phraseological material consisting of proverbs and sayings used in works of art of various types and genres by writers and poets who wrote in different periods of the development of Russian society. The subject of the study were proverbs and sayings referred to by the term «paremia». By the method of continuous sampling, proverbs and sayings from the works of fiction of Russian writers and poets of the XIX-XX centuries, in particular from the poetic texts of A. A. Akhmatova, were selected. In the process of studying the paroemias, their semantic, contextual and functional analysis was carried out, during which the main functions were identified: characterological, emotional, axiological, euphemistic, the function of stylizing the character's speech. It is established that paroemias are used mainly in the speech of characters in both conventional and modified forms, demonstrating the social type of the hero, his temperament, attitude to life. Being used in the speech of the heroes, the paroemias testify to their wisdom, life experience, as well as the difficulties of peasant life and their overcoming by man, which is the traditional role of paroemias in artistic and colloquial speech. It is demonstrated that parodies in the texts of different writers often receive a contextual meaning, which shows the innovation of writers in the use of parodies, which, in turn, is characteristic of literary texts when solving certain tasks by the author.